Centos7安装nginx+php7运行环境

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准备工作

yum install -y yum-utils
package-cleanup --cleandupes
yum update -y
yum install -y epel-release
# 如果找不到epel-release包，则进行下面两步操作
# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

开始安装

  • 安装nginx
yum install -y nginx
# 配置开机启动
systemctl enable nginx.service
  • 防火墙开启80端口
 yum install -y firewalld firewall-config
 systemctl start firewalld.service
 systemctl enable firewalld.service
 firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
 firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https #如果用不到https服务，此步跳过
 firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=trusted --add-port=80/tcp
 firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=trusted --add-port=443/tcp #如果用不到443端口，此步跳过
 firewall-cmd --reload
 firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=trusted --list-port

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=mysql #需要远程连接mysql时再进行这步操作
  • 安装必备的依赖
yum install -y \
gcc-c++ autoconf make \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel  \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel unzip \
zip libzip-devel \
glibc glibc-devel \
glib2 glib2-devel \
bzip2 bzip2-devel \
curl curl-devel libcurl-devel \
ncurses openssl-devel \
gdbm-devel db4-devel libXpm-devel \
libX11-devel gd-devel gmp-devel \
readline-devel libxslt-devel \
expat-devel xmlrpc-c xmlrpc-c-devel \
libicu-devel libmcrypt-devel \
libmemcached-devel \
oniguruma oniguruma-devel \
sqlite-devel \
wget

yum install -y http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/remi/x86_64/oniguruma5php-6.9.5+rev1-2.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/remi/x86_64/oniguruma5php-devel-6.9.5+rev1-2.el7.remi.x86_64.rpm
  • 编译安装 GD 库
wget https://github.com/libgd/libgd/releases/download/gd-2.3.3/libgd-2.3.3.tar.gz
tar -xf libgd-2.3.3.tar.gz
cd libgd-*
./configure --bindir=/usr/sbin/ \
            --sbindir=/usr/sbin/ \
            --libexecdir=/usr/libexec \
            --sysconfdir=/etc/ \
            --localstatedir=/var \
            --libdir=/usr/lib64/  \
            --includedir=/usr/include/ \
            --datarootdir=/usr/share \
            --infodir=/usr/share/info \
            --localedir=/usr/share/locale \
            --mandir=/usr/share/man/ \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/libgd
make
make install
  • 编译安装 freetype
cd /usr/src/
wget https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.10.0.tar.bz2 -O freetype.tar.bz2
tar -xjf freetype.tar.bz2
cd freetype-*
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
make && make install

php7.3 环境需要重新按照 libzip 至最新版，详见《php7.3 环境重新安装libzip》

  • 下载php7

官方下载地址 http://php.net/downloads.php

cd /usr/src/
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.28.tar.bz2 -O php7.bz2
tar -xjf php7.bz2
mv php-* php7
cd /usr/src/php7

#注意，因为php7.1以后[]不支持字符串操作，凡是这种形式的$arr[]=(string)$someString; 的写法
#在php7.1版本都以后会报"[] operator not supported for strings" 的错误
  • 编译php
# 查看可配置的编译参数
./configure --help

# 视情况增删参数，以下为一些常用的
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--enable-gd \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-dom \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-json \
--enable-exif \
--enable-intl \
--enable-soap \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-filter \
--enable-session \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-calendar \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-simplexml \
--disable-fileinfo \
--with-bz2 \
--with-cdb \
--with-xpm \
--with-jpeg \
--with-pear \
--with-curl \
--with-pear \
--with-zlib \
--with-mhash \
--with-iconv \
--with-mysqli \
--with-openssl \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-mysql-sock \
--with-openssl-dir \
--with-external-gd \
--with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
  • 安装php
make
make install
  • 测试是否安装成功
/usr/local/php7/bin/php -v
  • 做软链，以便直接用php运行
 ln -sf /usr/local/php7/bin/php /usr/local/bin/php
 ln -sf /usr/local/php7/bin/php-config /usr/bin/php-config
  • 验证
php -v
  • 复制配置文件
cp /usr/src/php7/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/lib/php.ini
  • 配置php-fpm
cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
cp /usr/src/php7/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
  • 启动php-fpm
service php-fpm start
# 配置开机启动
chkconfig php-fpm on

相关配置

配置nginx

  • 修改nginx.conf文件
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

注意：server 中需添加root 配置，否则$document_root无效,下面的是/etc/nginx/nginx.conf示例配置

# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    client_max_body_size 20m;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        #include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
        location  ~ \.php(/|$) {
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}
  • 重启nginx
service nginx restart
  • 在web目录下新建一个php文件
echo '<?php phpinfo();' > /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

nginx虚拟机配置

以 www.test.com 为例

# 编辑虚拟机配置文件 vhosts若不存在则需创建
mkdir /etc/nginx/vhosts
vi /etc/nginx/vhosts/test.com.conf

输入以下内容

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.test.com; # 网站域名
        root   "/usr/share/nginx/html/test";  #网站路径
        location / {
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
            if (!-e $request_filename) { #地址重写规则，可在地址栏中隐藏index.php
                rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;
                break;
            }
            #autoindex  on;  # 自动索引
        }
        location ~ \.php(.*)$ {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info  ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO  $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED  $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
}

安装php7扩展

《CenOS7环境安装PHP7扩展》

安装mysql

《Centos7.3 安装Mysql5.7并修改初始密码》

常见问题

解决SELinux启用带来的资源无法访问的问题。问题原因：SELiux阻止了nginx用户访问nginx非授权目录。

#查看问题报告
yum install setroubleshoot
sealert -a /var/log/audit/audit.log > /var/log/audit/audit.format.log

#添加nginx的访问web目录权限
ausearch -c 'nginx' --raw | audit2allow -M my-nginx
semodule -i my-nginx.pp

永久关系SELinux

vim /etc/selinux/config 

#更改SELINUX=disable

如有其它问题，请在下方留言^_^
已有 4 条评论
  1. xia xia

    按你的这种安装方式是不是只支持PDO连接MySQL数据库了？

    回复
    1. axios axios

      是 php7 不支持mysql扩展了，可以用mysqli

      回复
  2. xia xia

    PHP如何关联MySQL模块？

    回复
    1. axios axios

      在./configure编译时 ，有这样两个参数 --with-mysql-sock 和--with-mysqli ，就是关联mysql模块的

      回复
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